1. What percent of all water on earth is immediately available for use? ____________
2. Pack ice forms in the oceans. Is it composed of salt water or fresh water? ________
3. How many millions are in a billion? _____________________________________
4. How much more water do we have under the first half-mile of ground than is stored in all our rivers, lakes
      and streams? _________________________________________________________________________
5. How many gallons of water does it take to raise a steer for market? ______________________________
6. Considering agricultural and industrial use, every person in America uses ______ gallons of water per day.
7. Who was Alexander Shrenk? ____________________________ What did Alexander Shrenk want to do?         _____________________________________________________________________________________
8. Name two problems that might result if a major Russian river's flow reversed:
      A __________________________________________________________________________________
      B __________________________________________________________________________________
9. Why can't we make all the deserts in the world "bloom" by simply irrigating them with fresh water taken
      from rivers?__________________________________________________________________________
10. What is ground water? _________________________________________________________________
11. What makes water hard? _______________________________________________________________
12. Name two places in the water cycle where water is cleaned.
      A.__________________________________________
      B __________________________________________
13. What is a carcinogen? _________________________________________________________________
14. How fast does ground water move? _______________________________________________________
15. What are sanitary landfills? _____________________________________________________________
16. Are most sanitary landfills sanitary?______________ Why or why not?__________________________
      ____________________________________________________________________________________
17. What is acid rain? _____________________________________________________________________
18. Normal rain has a pH of about __________________________________________
19. A solution with a pH of 2 is ____________ times more acid than a solution of pH 6.
20. Name the two acids that form in the atmosphere and cause most of our acid rain
      A.__________________________________________________________
      B.__________________________________________________________
21. What is a buffer? _____________________________________________________________________
      ___________________________________________________________________________________
22. What are two solutions to the acid rain problem?
      A._________________________________________________________________________________
      B._________________________________________________________________________________
23. What is ecology? ____________________________________________________________________
24. Describe three problems which result when large dams are built along rivers.
      A._________________________________________________________________________________
      B._________________________________________________________________________________
      C._________________________________________________________________________________
25. What is an anadramous fish? __________________________________________________________
26. There's an old saying: If you put raw waste into a river, the river will clean itself in 90 miles. Why is this
      statement wrong? ____________________________________________________________________
27. What does pollution mean? ____________________________________________________________
28. Explain what biodegradable means. _____________________________________________________
29. Do biodegradable products harm the ecology' of a waterway? ________________________________
      __________________________________________________________________________________
30. How long does it take for a plastic bag to degrade? ________________________________________
31. What is eutrophication? ______________________________________________________________
32. Why have some states adopted legislation prohibiting building homes too close to a waterway? ____
      ___________________________________________________________________________________
33. Describe the relationship between the temperature of water and the amount of dissolved oxygen it can
      hold. ______________________________________________________________________________
34. What is turbid water? _________________________________________________________________
35. How does turbidity affect a waterway? ___________________________________________________
      __________________________________________________________________________________
36. If you build a shopping center or airport near a waterway, serious flooding may result. Why? (be specific!)
      _________________________________________________________________
      _________________________________________________________________
37. What is bio-accumulation? ____________________________________________________________
      Name a chemical substance that bio-accumulates. _______________________
38. What is an effluent? __________________________________________________________________
39. Most of the human-related radiation is produced by _________________________________________
      ___________________________________________________________________________________
40. List the three stages of wastewater treatment and write a brief description of each:
      1. _________________________________________________________________________________
      2. _________________________________________________________________________________
      3. _________________________________________________________________________________